TOP WORLD ONLINE RESOURSES
Online gameFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
An online game is a game played over some form of computer network. This almost always means the Internet or equivalent technology, but games have always used whatever technology was current: modems before the Internet, and hard wired terminals before modems. The expansion of online gaming has reflected the overall expansion of computer networks from small local networks to the Internet and the growth of Internet access itself. Online games can range from simple text based games to games incorporating complex graphics and virtual worlds populated by many players simultaneously. Many online games have associated online communities, making online games a form of social activity beyond single player games. The rising popularity of Flash and Java led to an Internet revolution where websites could utilize streaming video, audio, and a whole new set of user interactivity. When Microsoft began packaging Flash as a pre-installed component of IE, the Internet began to shift from a data/information spectrum to also offer on-demand entertainment. This revolution paved the way for sites to offer games to web surfers. Some online multiplayer games like World of Warcraft, Final Fantasy XI and Lineage II charge a monthly fee to subscribe to their services, while games such as Guild Wars offer an alternative no monthly fee scheme. Many other sites relied on advertising revenues from on-site sponsors, while others, like RuneScape, or Tibia let people play for free while leaving the players the option of paying, unlocking new content for the members. After the dot-com bubble burst in 2001, many sites solely relying on advertising revenue dollars faced extreme adversity. Despite the decreasing profitability of online gaming websites, some sites have survived the fluctuating ad market by offsetting the advertising revenue loss by using the content as a cross-promotion tool for driving web visitors to other websites that the company owns.[citation needed] The term online gaming in many circles is being strictly defined to describe games that do not involve wagering, although many still use the term online gaming synonymously with online gambling. This article focuses on online games that do not involve wagering, online gambling is discussed in a separate article.
Definition"Online gaming is a technology rather than a genre; a mechanism for connecting players together rather than a particular pattern of gameplay."[1] Online games are played over some form of computer network, now typically on the Internet. One advantage of online games is the ability to connect to multiplayer games, although single-player online games are quite common as well. First-person shooter gamesMain article: First-person shooter
During the 1990s, online games started to move from a wide variety of LAN protocols (such as IPX) and onto the Internet using the TCP/IP protocol. Doom popularized the concept of deathmatch, where multiple players battle each other head-to-head, as a new form of online game. Since Doom, many first-person shooter games contain online components to allow deathmatch or arena style play. Real-time strategy gamesEarly real-time strategy games often allowed multiplayer play over a modem or local network. As the Internet started to grow during the 1990s, software was developed that would allow players to tunnel the LAN protocols used by the games over the Internet. By the late 1990s, most RTS games had native Internet support, allowing players from all over the globe to play with each other. Services were created to allow players to be automatically matched against another player wishing to play or lobbies were formed where people could meet in so called game rooms. An example was the MSN Gaming Zone where online game communities were formed by active players for games, such as Age of Empires and Microsoft Ants. Cross-platform online playAs consoles are becoming more like computers, online gameplay is expanding. Once online games started crowding the market, open source networks, such as the Dreamcast, PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube and Xbox took advantage of online functionality with its PC game counterpart. Games such as Phantasy Star Online have private servers that function on multiple consoles. Dreamcast, PC, Macintosh and GameCube players are able to share one server. Earlier games, like 4x4 Evolution, Quake III and Need for Speed: Underground also have a similar function with consoles able to interact with PC users using the same server. Usually, a company like Electronic Arts or Sega runs the servers until it becomes inactive, in which private servers with their own DNS number can function. This form of open source networking has a small advantage over the new generation of Sony and Microsoft consoles which customize their servers to the consumer. Browser gamesMain article: Browser game
As the World Wide Web developed and browsers became more sophisticated, people started creating browser games that used a web browser as a client. Simple single player games were made that could be played using a web browser via HTML and HTML scripting technologies (most commonly JavaScript, ASP, PHP and MySQL). More complicated games such as Legend of Empires or AQ worlds would contact a web server to allow a multiplayer gaming environment. The development of web-based graphics technologies such as Flash and Java allowed browser games to become more complex. These games, also known by their related technology as "Flash games" or "Java games", became increasingly popular. Many games originally released in the 1980s, such as Pac-Man and Frogger, were recreated as games played using the Flash plugin on a webpage. Most browser games had limited multiplayer play, often being single player games with a high score list shared amongst all players. This has changed considerably in recent years as examples like Castle of Heroes or Canaan Online show. Browser-based pet games are popular amongst the younger generation of online gamers. These games range from gigantic games with millions of users, such as Neopets, to smaller and more community-based pet games. More recent browser-based games use web technologies like Ajax to make more complicated multiplayer interactions possible. MUDsMain article: MUD
MUDs are a class of multi-user real-time virtual worlds, usually but not exclusively text-based, with a history extending back to the creation of MUD1 by Richard Bartle in 1978. MUDs were the direct predecessors of MMORPGs.[2] Massively multiplayer online games (MMOG)Massively multiplayer online games were made possible with the growth of broadband Internet access in many developed countries, using the Internet to allow hundreds of thousands of players to play the same game together. Many different styles of massively multiplayer games are available, such as:
Online game governancePopular online games are commonly bound by an End User License Agreement (EULA). The consequences of breaking the agreement vary according to the contract; ranging from warnings to termination, such as in the 3D immersive world Second Life where a breach of contract will append the player warnings, suspension and termination depending on the offense.[3] Enforcing the EULA is difficult, due to high economic costs of human intervention and low returns back to the firm. Only in large scale games is it profitable for the firm to enforce its EULA. Edward Castronova writes that "there are issues of ownership and governance that wrinkle the affairs of state significantly".[4] He has divided the online governance into "good governance" and "strange governance". Castronova also mentions that synthetic worlds are good ways to test for government and management. See alsoFree Online Games - Free Games Played OnlineFree Online Games (FOG)Play Online Games & Free Games - Games2win - Juegos Gratis, JeuxOnlineGames.Net - Play Free Games OnlinePlay Free Online Games, action games, fighting games, puzzle games, racing games Free Online Games (FOG)Games, Free Games, Online Games, Free Online Games, Free Games For Your Website, Funny Games, Action Games, Addicting Games, Puzzle Games, Flash Games, ... www.freeonlinegames.com/ Games | Free Online Games to play - 23.000+ embed games - Spiele ...Online games website for embed games, adventure and action games, arcade games, flying games, casino card games and board games, food games and cooking ... www.freegaming.de/ OnlineGames.com - Play Online Games Free ( free games games ! )Home of the multiplayer Basketball and Space Ace games, as well as other online games for free. www.onlinegames.com/ From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Online casinos, also known as virtual casinos or Internet casinos, are online versions of traditional ("brick and mortar") casinos. Online casinos enable gamblers to play and wager on casino games through the Internet. Online casinos generally offer odds and payback percentages that are comparable to land-based casinos. Some online casinos claim higher payback percentages for slot machine games, and some publish payout percentage audits on their websites. Assuming that the online casino is using an appropriately programmed random number generator, table games like blackjack have an established house edge. The payout percentage for these games are established by the rules of the game. Reliability and trust issues are commonplace and often questioned. Many online casinos lease or purchase their software from well-known companies like Microgaming, Realtime Gaming, Playtech, International Game Technology and CryptoLogic Inc in an attempt to "piggyback" their reputation on the software manufacturer's credibility.[citation needed] These software companies either use or claim to use random number generators to ensure that the numbers, cards or dice appear randomly.
[edit]Online casino typesOnline casinos can be divided into two groups based on their interface: web-based and download-only casinos. Some casinos offer both interfaces. Some casinos offer 'Live gaming', either exclusively, or as part of a wider online casino offering. In live online casinos, popular casino games such as roulette and blackjack are dealt by real dealers in casino studios, in an attempt to convey more of the atmosphere of a physical casino. Player actions (including chat) such as 'hit' in the game of blackjack may be transmitted to the dealer; in some online casinos more than one player may 'sit' at a particular 'seat' on the table, and in this case there is no interactivity between player and dealer, the question of which player(s) requested the extra card that the dealer dealt and which chose to 'stand' will be handled by the software. It is usual for players to be able to observe a video feed of the action, and equally common for players to opt to turn it off, if they lack the bandwidth - as the cards are read by OCR and other technology, the video feed is only ever a visual cue. [edit]Web-based online casinosWeb-based online casinos are websites where users may play casino games without downloading software to the local computer. Games are mainly represented in the browser plugins Macromedia Flash, Macromedia Shockwave, or Java and require browser support for these plugins. Also, bandwidth is needed since all graphics, sounds and animations are loaded through the web via the plugin. Some online casinos also allow gameplay through a plain HTML interface. [edit]Download-based online casinosDownload-based online casinos require the download of the software client in order to play and wager on the casino games offered. The online casino software connects to the casino service provider and handles contact without browser support. Download-based online casinos generally run faster than web-based online casinos since the graphics and sound programs are located within the software client, rather than having to be loaded from the Internet. On the other hand, the initial download and installation of a download-based online casino client does take time. As with any download from the Internet, the risk of the program containing malware does exist. Still the graphics and sounds at download-based online casinos are most of the time much better than those at web-based online casinos. Moreover, in some online casinos game effects in download-based games run more smoothly and much faster than in web-based online casinos (which is noticeable in spinning slots and dealing cards in blackjack).[1] [edit]Games offeredA typical selection of gambling games offered at an online casino might include: [edit]BonusesMany online casinos offer sign-up bonuses to new players making their first deposit, and often on subsequent play as well. These bonuses are a form of marketing that may incur a cost (potentially justifiable in order to attract a new player who may return and deposit many more times), since the casino is essentially giving away money, in return for a commitment from the player to wager a certain minimum amount, usually a multiple of the deposit and/or bonus credited to the player's account. Since all casino games have a house edge, the wagering requirements ensure that the player cannot simply walk away with the casino's money, and indeed if the wagering requirements are sufficiently high, he may in fact have a negative expectation, exactly as if he had deposited without any bonus. Casinos may choose to restrict certain games from fulfilling the wagering requirements, either to restrict players from playing low-edge games, or to restrict 'risk-free' play (betting for instance both red and black on roulette, thereby completing the wagering requirement with a guaranteed profit, after the bonus is taken into account.[2] [edit]Non-cashable bonusesNon-cashable bonuses may be called "sticky" or "phantom" bonuses.[3] In both cases, the bonus forms a part of the player's balance, but cannot be cashed out. The difference comes at cashout time. A phantom bonus disappears when the player cashes out, while the sticky bonus 'sticks' to the player's account until it is lost. [edit]Comp pointsMain article: Comps (casino) Comps are commonly available at land-based casinos, but also exist online. Comp points can usually be exchanged for cash, prizes, or other comps. The amount of cash given per wager is usually very small and often varies with game selection. A casino might offer three comp points for each $10 wagered on slots and one comp point for each $10 wagered on blackjack. The casino might give $1 for each 100 comp points. This example is equivalent to returning 0.3% of wagers on slots and 0.1% of wagers on blackjack. In addition online casinos may offer comps as free tickets to onlinetournaments, tickets to other special events, extra bonuses, souvenirs and pay back.[4] [edit]Bonus huntingBonus hunting (also known as bonus bagging or bonus whoring) is a type of advantage gambling where turning a profit from casino, sportsbook and poker room bonus situations is mathematically possible. For example, the house edge in blackjack is roughly 0.5%. In the example above, $5000 in wagering with a house edge of 0.5% will result in an expected loss of $25. Since the player received a $100 sign-up bonus, after subtracting the expected loss of $25, the player has an expected gain of $75. [edit]Bonus disputesA large portion of online casino disputes relate to bonuses.[5] Casinos may label players who win using bonuses as "bonus abusers." Both players and casinos may commit fraud. An example of player fraud is creating multiple accounts and using the accounts to claim a sign-up bonus several times. An example of casino fraud is changing terms of a bonus after a player has completed the wagering requirements, then requiring the player to meet the new bonus terms.[citation needed] [edit]Fraudulent online casino operator behaviorFraudulent behavior on the part of online casinos has been documented. The most commonly reported behaviors are refusal to pay withdrawals or cheating software with rigged payouts. An online casino with multiple confirmed cases of fraudulent behavior is often called a rogue casino by the online casino player community.[6] One commonly reported behavior related to refusal to pay withdrawals is the refusal to pay withdrawals promptly. A rogue casino may intentionally delay a withdrawal in hopes that the player will continue gambling with the money in the account and lose it all back. Other rogue online casinos attempt to not pay their customers by retroactively applying unfair terms to their house rules. Cheating software appears to be less common than payout problems.[citation needed] Some casino software has been mathematically proven to cheat, such as Elka System/Oyster Gaming and Casino Bar.[7] Screen shots from the back office of an older brand of software indicated the odds could be adjusted by the operator. Some casinos were proven to give higher winning probability when players play in fun mode comparing to playing for real money, In order to attract players to register and play for real money. Some casinos use spamming techniques excessively in order to promote themselves. Many casino gambling portals and player forums maintain blacklists of rogue casinos.[6][8] While some carry more authority than others, most blacklists constitute individual webmaster and player opinions rather than anything official from any type of regulating body. [edit]LegalitySee online gambling for a discussion of the legality of playing at an online casino. [edit]See also[edit]Notes
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VICTORIAN COMMISSION FOR GAMBLING REGULATION RULES – CASINO Gambling Regulation Act 2003 – section 3.5.23 (3)VICTORIAN COMMISSION FOR GAMBLING REGULATION RULES – CASINO PART 1 – PRELIMINARY 1. These Rules may be cited as the Victorian Commission for Gambling Regulation Rules – Casino (“the Rules”). 2. (a) These Rules are in addition to the requirements of the Gambling Regulation Act 2003, the Casino Control Act 1991 (“the Act”), all relevant Regulations and a casino operator’s system of internal controls and administrative and accounting procedures for the casino approved under section 121 of the Act. (b) These Rules revoke all previous Rules made by the Victorian Commission for Gambling Regulation, or its predecessors, under section 3.5.23(3) of the Gambling Regulation Act 2003 or section 78 of the Gaming Machine Control Act 1991. PART 2 – BREACH OF THE RULES 3. If a casino operator decides that a person has breached one of these Rules or the Act in relation to, or when playing, a gaming machine, a casino operator may prohibit the person from entering or remaining in the casino under section 72 of the Act. PART 3 – CONDUCT OF GAMING 4. A player is entitled to receive a cash or cheque payment from a casino operator, in place of an equivalent value of gaming machine winnings or credits, only when the player has verified the amount of payment and then acknowledges receipt of the correct payment by signing the appropriate form. 5. If a player does not want to play out any remaining credits on a gaming machine that amount to less than $1.00, the casino operator must not refuse to make a manual or ‘hand’ payment of the credits to the player. 6. Subject to rule 7, a casino operator must pay, immediately upon request, monetary prizes, coin issues, token issues, and coin or token redemption in the form requested by the player, except where the Act requires payment in a specific form. 7. (a) If a casino operator has a concern about a person’s entitlement to receive a prize, coin issue or token issue, including for reasons that the person may have acted fraudulently or used a prohibited device, or a gaming machine or gaming equipment may have malfunctioned, the casino operator may – (i) request appropriate forms of personal identification from the player; (ii) withhold the payment of any prize, coin issue or token issue or demand the return of any prize, coin issue or token issue from the player until the casino operator has completed an investigation and made a determination; (iii) confiscate a prohibited device in the possession of a person in accordance with section 80(3) of the Act; and (iv) cause the person who was in possession of a prohibited device to be detained in accordance with section 81 of the Act. (b) In these Rules, “prohibited device” means any equipment, device or thing that permits or facilitates cheating or stealing. 8. All coins or tokens in gaming machines remain the property of the casino operator until won by or refunded to a player in accordance with the Act, the correct operation of the machine and the approved rules of the game and these Rules. 9. A malfunction of a gaming machine or gaming equipment, including jackpot display meter or jackpot controller, voids all gaming machine game plays, winning of jackpots, prizes and payments. All prizes won or monies paid from a gaming machine or gaming machine equipment that has malfunctioned remain the property of the casino operator. The casino operator may adjust the value of the jackpot prize in accordance with approved procedures. 2VICTORIAN COMMISSION FOR GAMBLING REGULATION RULES – CASINO 10. Unless otherwise permitted or instructed by a Gaming Machine Operations Manager or Gaming Machine Area Manager, a player may play up to three gaming machines provided that- (i) The gaming machines are adjacent to each other and all on the same side of a bank of gaming machines; and (ii) The player has not been requested by a Gaming Machine Operations Manager or Gaming Machine Area Manager to surrender the additional gaming machine(s) to allow other players to play one of the gaming machines. 11. The multi gaming machine player can choose which of the gaming machines he or she wishes to continue playing, unless otherwise instructed by a Gaming Machine Operations Manager or Gaming Machine Area Manager. 12. The player of a gaming machine must clear credits from the gaming machine when a “close of play” warning or notification is broadcast by the casino operator. 13. A person must not tilt, rock or in any way damage or interfere with a gaming machine or attempt to operate a gaming machine with any object or device other than legal tender, valid gaming tokens or authorised Crown issued card. 14. A person must not occupy a gaming machine without actively playing it or occupy an area adjacent to it so that he or she restricts another player from gaining access to play that gaming machine. 15. Where a gaming machine does not provide a ‘reserve button’ to reserve a gaming machine, an employee of the casino operator may, at the request of the gaming machine player, reserve or hold a particular gaming machine for a reasonable period so as to allow that player to obtain more coin or to attend to any personal matter. Unless this request occurs, a player does not have any reservation rights over any particular gaming machine. 16. A person must not interfere with any part of a gaming machine being played by a player to the annoyance of the player. 17. A person must not hinder, harass, intimidate or interfere in any way with another person’s playing of a gaming machine or with any employee of the casino operator performing duties related to a gaming machine. 18. “Syndicate Play” occurs when two or more persons act in concert to affect the chance of any person or persons winning a linked jackpot arrangement. A person must not engage or participate in Syndicate Play. Where a casino operator suspects on reasonable grounds that two or more persons are engaged in Syndicate Play, the casino may restrict the play of those persons. 19. A person must not induce a gaming machine player to vacate a gaming machine or to engage in Syndicate Play, whether by threats, unpleasant behaviour, financial offer or any other method. 20. A person must not solicit or accept an inducement to engage in Syndicate Play. PART 4 – PLAYER COMPLAINTS 21. A player may complain to a casino operator about their experience of playing a gaming machine or the operation of a gaming machine. 22. Where a player complaint remains unresolved or the player is dissatisfied with the outcome of a complaint, the player must be advised of the presence of, and their right to refer the complaint to, an inspector appointed by the Executive Commissioner of the Victorian Commission for Gambling Regulation. 3Level 5, 35 Spring Street Melbourne Victoria 3000 Australia PO Box 1988, Melbourne Victoria 3001 Australia Telephone 61 3 9651 3333 Facsimile 61 3 9651 3777 www.vcgr.vic.gov.au |
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